Churn



' (No Model.) Y

' J. MaK. DAVIS.

GHURN.

' Patented June 15, 188

N. PEYERS, Phnltrl-ilmgnpher. Wuhnglun. D.C.

UNIT-EID STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES MCKUNE DAVIS, or N'oKoMIS, ILLINOIS.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 343,627, dated Tune 15,1886.

A Application filed December 21, 1885. Serial No. 186,352.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES MOKUNE DAvIs, a citizen of theUnitcd States,residing at Nokomis,in the county of Montgomery and State of Illinois,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Churns, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

My invention relates t0 :improvements in chnrns, and the noveltyconsists of the peculiar construction and arrangement of parts,substantially as hereinafter fully set forth, and specifically pointedout in the claim.

rlhe primary object of my invention is to provide means whereby aviolent agitating motion is imparted to the cream to throw the sameoutwardly from the center toward the sides of an inelosing-vessel, andin contact therewith, to facilitate the operation of the churn.

A further object of my invention is to provide a churn with two dashers,which are arrangedat right angles to each other and rotatesimultaneously; to provide the daslier'shaft with gear-wheels, which aresupported in bearings to impart a steady rotary movement; to provideimproved bearings for the master driving-gear, and to provide meanswhich shall be simple, strong, and durable in construction, thoroughlyeffective and easy in operation, cheap of manufacture, and capable ofready application to and removal from a vessel of the ordinarycharacter. 1

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a Achurnembodying my invention, the vessel being shown in dotted lines. Fig. 2is a front or end view of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section onthe line x x of Fig. 1. Figsa and 5 are detached detail views of partsof my improvements.

Referring to the drawings, in which like letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures, A designates the top or cover ofa churn-vessel, B, which is shown in dotted lines in Figs. l and 2. Thiscover has a plate, a, on its under surface, which is of a size and shapeto fit in a vessel, B; and said cover has a depending arm or bracket, b,at or near the outer edge, and this arm carries an adjusting or clampingscrew, b', that bears against the churn-vessel and holds the coverrigidly thereon.

(No model.)

C O designate supporting brackets, one of which is shown in detail inFig. 4, each bracket being cast in one piece. The brackets are madecurved or bow-shaped,and at theirlower en'ds they have perforated lugsor feet c, through which pass screws or other fastening devices toSecure them to the top or cover. At their upper ends the brackets haveenlarged heads C', which have openings therein that provide boxes orbearings in which are journaled a shaft, D, one end of which extendsbeyond the brackets and the cover A to receive a crank or handle, (l,for rotating the shaft by hand or otherwise. The upper ends ofthesupporting-brackets C are provided with lugs c', that are cast with andproject beyond the side faces of said brackets, (see Figs. 2 and 3,) andthe lower faces of these lugs are recessed or` countersunk to providebearings or sockets for the upper ends of the dasher-staffs, to steadythe motion thereof,.as will presently appear.

E designates amaster or driving geanwheel, which is keyed or otherwisesuitably secured on the shaft D between the parallel supporting-brackets, and so as to rotate in a vert-ical plane, said gear-wheelhaving projecting hubs,

e on each side that bear against the enlarged heads or bearings of thesupporting-brackets, to steady its rotatory motion. The said mastergear-wheel has teeth e formed on both of its vertical side faces nearthe periphery there of, and these gear-teeth mesh with and rotate bevelor miter gear-wheels fof the dasherstaffsf.

F F designate the dashers, each of which comprises a staff, f', two ormore vertical blades, f2, and two or more horizontal arms or blades, f,which are secured at or near their middle to the staff f and at theirends to the vertical bladesfi, to support the latter on the staff. TheAblades of the dasher F are arranged in a plane at right angles to theplane of the blades of the dasher F-ihat is to say, the thin edges ofthe dasher-bladeF are presented at all times to one of the side faces ofthe blades of the dasher F, as will be very readily understood. Thedashers are rotated in opposite directions and at the same speed, and asthey are located at the center of the churn-vessel they are rotated in ahorizontal plane to throw or force the cream from the IOO , pinion, f,which is keyed thereon, so as to rotate said staff.

rlhe dasher and its staff are suspended in the churn-vessel by atransverse pin, g, that bears on the bevel gear-pinions f, and isdetachably secured in the dasher-staff, and the said pinionsf havereduced hubs h, that fit in sockets of a bearing-plate, H. Thisbearing-plate is u arranged transversely of and between the feet of thebow-shaped supporting-brackets C, and is secured to the top or cover Aby screws or other suitable means passed through the perforated ears orlugs i thereof. The bearingplate has raised bosses or lugs h', which areeountersunk or recessed to provide a flange or ledge, h, and thus formthe socket for the reduced hubs h of the pinions f, which bear on theupper edges of the bosses 11 and the sockets have openings h"communicating therewith for the passage of the dasherstaffs f.

rlhe dashers can be readily detached from the cover A, for the purposeof washing or cleansing them, by withdrawing the cross-pin g from thestalff, which can then be withdrawn from the gear-pinion f thereon, andthe upper end of the dasherstal has a collar, fi', and a pin, i, thatenters and bears in the countersunk bearing c of the supporting bracketC, as is obvious.

rlhe operation ofmy invention will be readily understood from theforegoing description, taken in connection with the drawings. Variousslight changes in the form and proportion of parts can be made withoutdeparting from the principle of my invention.

In order to dene the nature, scope, and advantages of my invention, Iwould state that heretofore it has been proposed to provide a churnwhich comprises a vessel having an open flaring mouth, a cross-piecesecured to the upper edges of the vessel, brackets which are secured tothe crosspieee, a driving-shaft having a crank and journaled in thebrackets, a master-gear supported on the drivingshaft, anddasherfstall's which extend through the cross-piece and carry pinionswhich mesh with the master-gear, the said pinions having reduced hubswhich extend through openings in the cross-piece, and thus provideextended flanges which rest on the cross piece and serve to support thedashers in an upright position in the.vessel. My invention diilers fromthis construction in the fact that I employ a cover that wholl yincloses the month of the churn-vessel, and to this cover I secure mysupporting-brackets and a bearing plate. The brackets are arrangedparallel with each other, so that the bearings therein for thedriving-shaft are in alignment with each other, and between thebifurcated legs of the brackets the bearing-plate is arranged andextends transversely across from one bracket to the other. Thebearing-plate has countersunk open sockets, and through the openings inthe sockets are passed the (Slasher-staffs, while the pinions of saidstaffs are provided with reduced hubs that arejournaled in the socketsof the bearing-plate, and thus suspend the dashers in the churn-vessel.

I am also aware that a churn has been provided with two uprights whichhave lateral lugs, and in the upper ends of the uprights is journaled adriving-shaft carrying a mastergear which meshes with two pinions on thedasher-stafls, said staffs extending through the cover and journaled inthe lateral lugs of the uprights. In my improved device the brackets oruprights are provided with bifurcated legs which are provided at theirpoint of junction with enlarged lugs having eountersunk recesses for thereception of the extreme upper ends of the dasher-stais, which arearranged between and protected in a measure by the bifureat-ed legs ofthe brackets.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Iu a churn, the combination of the following elements,namely:acover,A,thebif'ureated supporting-brackets C, secured to the cover andprovided with bearings C at their upper ends, and the enlarged lugs c',having the conntcrsunk recesses at their point of juncture, abearing-plateJI, provided with the connected bosses having the openreduced sockets h, said plate being arranged between the legs of thebrackets transversely thereof and secured to the cover, a driving-shaft,D, journaled in the bearings C of the brackets and having a crank and amast-er gear, and the dasherstali's extending through the open socketsin the plate II, and having their free upper ends journaled in thecountersunk recesses of the lugs c', said shafts being provided withpinionsf, having reduced hubs which fit in the sockets h, and pins gl'orretaining the pinions on the dash er-stafs, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES MCKUN E DAVIS.

XVitliesses:

ALBERT RrroADns, JAs. F. KINNEY.

ICO

